What does it mean if a player is "in the bonus"?

When a player is described as "in the bonus," it indicates a specific situation within basketball rules concerning fouls. In this context, "in the bonus" means that the team has reached a threshold of team fouls, resulting in the opponent being awarded free throws for each subsequent foul committed by the defensive team in that particular half or overtime period.

In most leagues, including NFHS (National Federation of State High School Associations), a team enters the bonus after a certain number of team fouls, typically seven in a half. This creates a significant advantage for the offensive team because each foul results in free throw opportunities, potentially increasing their score and influencing the game's outcome.

The other options provided do not align with the definition of being "in the bonus." Scoring double points, extra substitutions, or earning additional timeouts are not relevant to the concept of team fouls and free throw awards. Understanding this aspect of the game is crucial for players, coaches, and officials, as it affects strategy and gameplay throughout the match.