When can a player who has fouled be substituted?

A player who has committed a foul can be substituted after a free throw attempt has been made. This rule is in place to ensure that the game maintains its flow and that substitutions occur in an orderly manner during the stoppages caused by fouls.

When a player fouls, the game is stopped for the free throw attempt. After this attempt—whether it results in a made or missed shot—the opportunity arises for the coach to make substitutions. This helps maintain the competitive balance of the game and allows teams to strategically make changes, particularly if the fouled player needs to rest or if the team needs to adjust their lineup.

The other scenarios do not generally permit substitution after a foul. Players cannot be substituted solely based on being injured or after a basket is scored without the context of the foul or free throw. Additionally, even during time-outs, substitutions are used more for strategy rather than a mandatory process following a foul. Thus, the rule emphasizing substitution occurs after a free throw attempt provides clarity regarding the procedural aspects of fouls and substitutions in basketball.